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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
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Socioeconomic Factors Associated with

Miguel M Cabada1,2, Maria Luisa Morales1, Camille M Webb2

  • 1Alexander von Humboldt Tropical Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Cusco Branch, Peru.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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Fascioliasis is common in Peruvian children, with 10% showing exposure. Higher altitudes, older age, and poverty increased infection risk in the Cusco region.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Parasitology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Fasciola hepatica causes fascioliasis, a widespread human parasitic disease.
  • The Andes Mountains, particularly the Cusco region of Peru, exhibit high endemicity for fascioliasis.
  • Understanding the epidemiology in vulnerable populations, like children, is crucial for control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of Fasciola infection among children in the Cusco region.
  • To determine the distribution of Fasciola exposure across different agricultural communities.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 2,515 children aged 3-16 years in 26 agricultural communities.
  • Blood tests for complete blood counts, transaminases, and Fasciola antibodies.
  • Stool sample analysis for Fasciola and other parasites.

Main Results:

  • Ten percent (n=253) of children had evidence of Fasciola exposure (6% chronic, 0.4% acute infection).
  • Prevalence varied significantly (0-20%) between communities.
  • Infection risk was higher in older children, those at higher altitudes, and those with lower socioeconomic status.

Conclusions:

  • Fascioliasis is prevalent in children in the Cusco region, Peru, and is associated with poverty.
  • Risk factors include age, altitude, and socioeconomic status, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
  • Significant community-level variation in prevalence underscores the importance of localized control strategies.