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Triplet Fusion Upconversion Nanocapsule Synthesis
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Self-sensitization induced upconversion of Er

Long Yan1, Bo Zhou, Nan Song

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, and Institute of Optical Communication Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China. zhoubo@scut.edu.cn qyzhang@scut.edu.cn.

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|September 19, 2018
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Summary

Lanthanide upconversion mechanisms were investigated, revealing that cooperative energy transfer and cross-relaxation among Erbium ions (Er3+) enhance red emission. This self-sensitization process offers new avenues for designing advanced upconversion materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Upconversion materials are crucial for fundamental research and advanced applications.
  • Efficient upconversion typically relies on sensitizer-activator systems.
  • Understanding lanthanide upconversion mechanisms is essential for material development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism of Erbium ion (Er3+) upconversion through self-sensitization.
  • To explore the role of cooperative energy transfer and cross-relaxation in red upconversion enhancement.
  • To identify strategies for optimizing upconversion dynamics and suppressing quenching.

Main Methods:

  • Mechanistic investigation of Er3+ upconversion under various excitations (808, 980, 1530 nm).
  • Analysis of upconversion dynamics at high dopant concentrations (>20 mol%).
  • Introduction of co-dopants (Ho3+, Tm3+, Yb3+) to mediate upconversion.
  • Design of tri-layered nanostructures for spatial control of Er3+ distribution.

Main Results:

  • Cooperative energy transfer upconversion and cross-relaxation among Er3+ ions are critical for red upconversion enhancement at high concentrations.
  • Co-doping with Ho3+, Tm3+, and Yb3+ effectively populates the red emitting state, purifying and enhancing red emission.
  • Energy migration in the Er-sublattice can cause upconversion quenching, which is suppressed by tri-layered nanostructures.

Conclusions:

  • Self-sensitization, driven by cooperative energy transfer and cross-relaxation, is a key mechanism for Er3+ red upconversion.
  • Co-doping and nanostructure design offer effective strategies to control and enhance upconversion processes.
  • These findings provide insights into upconversion dynamics, aiding the discovery of novel upconversion materials.