Individualized Cool Dialysate as an Effective Therapy for Intradialytic Hypotension and Hemodialysis Patients'...

Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is the most common dialytic complication. Recurrent episodes of ischemia secondary to hemodynamic instability are associated with cardiomyopathy, increased risk of thrombosis of arteriovenous fistula, decreased quality of life, and increased mortality. Cool dialysate may be an effective approach to reducing intradialytic hypotension by promoting peripheral vasoconstriction. Most studies to date are small and do not employ individualized cool dialysates (ICD). The study consisted of standard and cool phases, with patients as their own controls. During the standard phase, participants underwent hemodialysis (HD) at their usual dialysate temperature at 37°C for six consecutive hemodialysis sessions. In the cool phase, the dialysate temperature was set at the core baseline temperature -0.5°C for six more sessions. We compared hemodynamic parameters during the standard and cool phases. A total of 93 participants were included. The number of IDH episodes during the standard and cool phases were 3.3 ± 2.8 and 2.0 ± 2.2 per patient respectively (P < 0.001). Other hemodynamic parameters including lowest intradialytic mean arterial pressure were significantly increased with ICD. We found that there was a high baseline rate of feeling cold among all participants and it increased after the implementation of ICD; however, the dropout rate was approximately 5%. ICD is an effective tool to decrease the frequency of IDH in the HD population and we provide a pragmatic, real-world approach to implement this technique.