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Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Overview01:15

Parkinson's Disease: Overview

Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is to...
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Individual and Population Analysis01:23

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Individual and Population Analysis

Mechanistic models are utilized in individual analysis using single-source data, but imperfections arise due to data collection errors, preventing perfect prediction of observed data. The mathematical equation involves known values (Xi), observed concentrations (Ci), measurement errors (εi), model parameters (ϕj), and the related function (ƒi) for i number of values. Different least-squares metrics quantify differences between predicted and observed values. The ordinary least squares (OLS)...
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models01:06

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models

Pharmacokinetic models are mathematical constructs that represent and predict the time course of drug concentrations in the body, providing meaningful pharmacokinetic parameters. These models are categorized into compartment, physiological, and distributed parameter models.
The distributed parameter models are specifically designed to account for variations and differences in some drug classes. This model is particularly useful for assessing regional concentrations of anticancer or...
Parkinson Disease l: Introduction01:24

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:24

Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...

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Assessment of Sensorimotor Function in Mouse Models of Parkinson's Disease
10:32

Assessment of Sensorimotor Function in Mouse Models of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: June 17, 2013

A Transitional Probability Model for Parkinson's Disease Motor States With Applications to Missing Data.

Phillip Dinh1

  • 11 Castro Valley, CA, USA.

Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science
|September 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A Markov transitional probability model helps predict Parkinson's disease motor fluctuations. This approach aids in understanding treatment effects, such as with carbidopa-levodopa, and can improve data analysis in clinical trials.

Keywords:
Markov modelParkinson’s diseasemissing datamultiple imputationtransitional probability

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Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Assessment of Sensorimotor Function in Mouse Models of Parkinson's Disease
10:32

Assessment of Sensorimotor Function in Mouse Models of Parkinson's Disease

Published on: June 17, 2013

Behavioral Assessments of Spontaneous Locomotion in a Murine MPTP-induced Parkinson's Disease Model
05:38

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Published on: January 7, 2019

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease
10:28

Dynamic Digital Biomarkers of Motor and Cognitive Function in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: July 24, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Pharmacology
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder causing significant disability.
  • Advanced PD patients often experience motor complications like fluctuations and dyskinesia, impacting daily life.
  • Levodopa (LD) is a primary PD treatment, but long-term use can lead to motor complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a Markov transitional probability model for estimating state transitions in PD.
  • To apply this model to analyze clinical trial data for extended-release vs. immediate-release carbidopa-levodopa (CD-LD).

Main Methods:

  • Development of a Markov transitional probability model.
  • Application of the model to clinical trial data comparing extended-release and immediate-release CD-LD.

Main Results:

  • The model effectively estimates the likelihood of remaining in a specific motor state or transitioning between states.
  • Illustrates the model's utility in a clinical trial setting for evaluating different CD-LD formulations.

Conclusions:

  • Markov transitional probability models are valuable for quantifying state changes in PD.
  • The model can also serve as a basis for multiple imputation of missing clinical data.