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Changes in the optic nerve head induced by horizontal eye movements.

Won June Lee1, Yu Jeong Kim1, Ji Hong Kim1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

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Eye movement causes significant optic nerve head (ONH) changes, particularly in abduction and adduction. These ONH morphologic changes correlate with axial length, offering insights into biomechanical properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optometry

Background:

  • The optic nerve head (ONH) is a critical structure in vision.
  • Understanding ONH biomechanics is essential for diagnosing and managing optic neuropathies.
  • Eye movements can potentially influence ONH morphology and physiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of eye movement on the optic nerve head (ONH) using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).
  • To quantify the degree of ONH morphologic changes induced by eye movements.
  • To explore the relationship between ONH changes and ocular parameters like axial length.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study involving 52 healthy subjects (20-40 years).
  • Simultaneous imaging of ONH and macula using SS-OCT wide volume scans in primary and eccentric gaze positions.
  • Multilateral 3D registration for analyzing ONH morphologic changes during horizontal eye movements (abduction and adduction).

Main Results:

  • Significant ONH morphologic changes were observed during both abduction and adduction.
  • In abduction, ONH tissues showed a mean elevation of 115,134 μm² (p<0.001).
  • ONH changes in abduction and adduction, particularly nasal peripapillary segments in adduction, positively correlated with axial length (AXL).

Conclusions:

  • Eye movements induce significant morphologic changes in the ONH.
  • These ONH changes are associated with axial length, suggesting biomechanical influences.
  • Characterizing these morphologic changes enhances understanding of ONH biomechanical properties.