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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management

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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Kidney Structure01:45

Kidney Structure

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The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets Into the Kidney Capsule of Diabetic Mice
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Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Victoria E Bouhairie1, Janet B McGill2

  • 1Victoria E. Bouhairie, MD, is a Clinical Fellow, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis.

Missouri Medicine
|September 20, 2018
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Summary

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains a major diabetes complication. Current treatments focusing on glucose and blood pressure control are insufficient, necessitating further research into new preventive strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus.
  • Despite advances in glycemic control and hypertension management, DKD incidence remains high.
  • Current standards of care involve regular screening and monitoring for kidney complications in diabetic patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the persistent challenge of diabetic kidney disease.
  • To emphasize the limitations of current preventive measures.
  • To underscore the need for novel therapeutic strategies beyond glucose and blood pressure management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical practices and treatment guidelines for DKD.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on DKD incidence trends.
  • Exploration of emerging research on kidney protection in diabetes.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of DKD has not significantly decreased despite optimized glycemic and blood pressure control.
  • Existing preventive strategies are insufficient to halt DKD progression in many individuals.
  • Further research is actively exploring additional interventions to slow kidney damage.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic kidney disease presents an ongoing clinical challenge.
  • Enhanced and novel approaches are crucial to mitigate kidney damage in diabetes.
  • Investigating new therapeutic targets is essential for improving outcomes in DKD.