Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods01:08

Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods

618
Renal clearance is a critical parameter encompassing kidney filtration, secretion, and reabsorption processes. It is calculated using a specific equation to determine the rate at which the kidneys clear a drug.
Renal clearance is often associated with the renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which represents the rate at which plasma is filtered through the glomeruli in the kidney. When drug reabsorption is minimal and there is no active secretion, renal clearance is closely related to the...
618
Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbonyl Group: General Mechanism01:18

Nucleophilic Addition to the Carbonyl Group: General Mechanism

8.4K
The carbonyl carbon in an aldehyde or ketone is the site of a nucleophilic attack due to its electron-deficient nature. Depending on the strength of the incoming nucleophile, the reaction occurs via different mechanistic pathways.
A stronger nucleophile can directly attack the electrophilic center, the carbonyl carbon. The HOMO orbital of the nucleophile interacts with the LUMO (π* antibonding) orbital present on the carbonyl carbon. This interaction breaks the π bond and shifts the π...
8.4K
Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction02:23

Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction

12.4K
Reduction is a simple strategy to convert a carbonyl group to a hydroxyl group. The three major pathways to reduce carbonyls to alcohols are catalytic hydrogenation, hydride reduction, and borane reduction.
Catalytic hydrogenation is similar to the reduction of an alkene or alkyne by adding H2 across the pi bond in the presence of transition metal catalysts like Raney Ni, Pd–C, Pt, or Ru. Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by this method, often under mild to moderate heat (25–100°C) and...
12.4K
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

56.1K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
56.1K
Protein and Protein Structure02:15

Protein and Protein Structure

87.9K
Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme...
87.9K
IR Frequency Region: Alkene and Carbonyl Stretching01:29

IR Frequency Region: Alkene and Carbonyl Stretching

1.3K
Double bonds in alkenes and carbonyl compounds exhibit stretching frequencies in the diagnostic region of the IR spectrum. In addition, alkenes exhibit vinylic C–H stretching and C–H out-of-plane bending absorptions that are useful for identifying substitution patterns.
Stretching frequencies are affected by several factors, such as resonance, inductive effects, ring strain, dipole moment, and hydrogen bonding. Consequently, the stretching frequency of the carbonyl double bond...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Multimodal Mechanism of Antitumoral Ni(II) Thiosemicarbazones: Deep Mechanistic Understanding of ROS Dynamics, Albumin-Mediated Delivery, and DNA Targeting.

ACS omega·2026
Same author

Serine Acetyltransferase from <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>: Distinctive Features, Pleiotropic Roles, and Therapeutic Potential.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Refining the mechanism of heme acquisition from free hemoglobin by <i><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i></i> IsdH.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Two birds with one stone: An antibiotic hit blocking <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> heme uptake with serendipitous hemoglobin left-shifting activity.

iScience·2026
Same author

<i>De novo</i> cysteine biosynthesis in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>: Characterization of the two main cysteine synthase isoforms.

iScience·2026
Same author

Hemoglobin receptor redundancy in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>: molecular flexibility as a determinant of divergent hemophore activity.

Journal of structural biology: X·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Determination of Carbonyl Functional Groups in Bio-oils by Potentiometric Titration: The Faix Method
07:56

Determination of Carbonyl Functional Groups in Bio-oils by Potentiometric Titration: The Faix Method

Published on: February 7, 2017

11.7K

Protein carbonylation detection methods: A comparison.

Esra'a Alomari1, Stefano Bruno1,2, Luca Ronda3,2

  • 1Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Data in Brief
|September 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study compares four methods for detecting protein carbonylation, a marker of oxidative stress. Results highlight differences in detecting total versus specific carbonylated proteins in Guinea pig organ extracts.

More Related Videos

Detection of Protein Ubiquitination
09:00

Detection of Protein Ubiquitination

Published on: August 19, 2009

43.6K
Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus
14:07

Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus

Published on: October 3, 2014

14.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Determination of Carbonyl Functional Groups in Bio-oils by Potentiometric Titration: The Faix Method
07:56

Determination of Carbonyl Functional Groups in Bio-oils by Potentiometric Titration: The Faix Method

Published on: February 7, 2017

11.7K
Detection of Protein Ubiquitination
09:00

Detection of Protein Ubiquitination

Published on: August 19, 2009

43.6K
Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus
14:07

Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus

Published on: October 3, 2014

14.2K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oxidative Stress Research
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Protein carbonylation is a validated biomarker of oxidative stress.
  • Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers can induce oxidative stress.
  • Assessing protein carbonylation requires reliable detection methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the performance of four distinct methods for detecting protein carbonylation.
  • To evaluate methods based on spectrophotometry, ELISA, Western blot, and in-gel fluorescence.
  • To determine the suitability of each method for measuring total or specific protein carbonylation.

Main Methods:

  • Spectrophotometric detection using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH).
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with anti-DNPH antibodies.
  • Western blot analysis utilizing anti-DNPH antibodies.
  • In-gel detection employing fluorescein-5-thiosemicarbazide.

Main Results:

  • Spectrophotometric and ELISA methods quantify total protein carbonylation.
  • Western blot and in-gel methods, requiring electrophoretic separation, can identify specific carbonylated proteins.
  • Differences in sensitivity and specificity among the four methods were observed (detailed results not in abstract).

Conclusions:

  • The choice of method depends on whether total or specific protein carbonylation needs to be assessed.
  • Each method offers unique advantages for studying oxidative stress biomarkers.
  • Further validation is recommended for specific applications in oxidative stress research.