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Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions03:03

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Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
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Many common substances around us exist as a solution, such as ocean water, air, and gasoline. All solutions are mixtures of substances that are composed of varying amounts of two or more types of atoms or molecules. A mixture with a non-uniform composition is a heterogeneous mixture, whereas a mixture with a uniform composition is a homogeneous mixture. The components that make the homogeneous mixture are evenly spread out and thoroughly mixed. 
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According to Raoult’s law, the partial vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is equal or identical to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution. However, Raoult's Law is only valid for ideal solutions. For a solution to be ideal, the solvent-solute interaction must be just as strong as a solvent-solvent or solute-solute interaction. This suggests that both the solute and the solvent would use the same amount of energy to escape to the...
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An Anaerobic Biosensor Assay for the Detection of Mercury and Cadmium
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Data on cadmium removal from synthetic aqueous solution using garbage ash.

Mehdi Qasemi1, Ahmad Zarei1, Mojtaba Afsharnia1

  • 1Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.

Data in Brief
|September 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Garbage ash effectively removes cadmium (II) from water. This study shows it’s a low-cost, efficient adsorbent, with optimal performance indicated by pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models.

Keywords:
AdsorptionAqueous solutionCadmiumGarbage ash

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Cadmium (II) is a toxic heavy metal pollutant.
  • Effective and affordable methods for cadmium removal are needed.
  • Garbage ash is an underutilized waste material with potential adsorbent properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficiency of garbage ash for cadmium (II) removal from aqueous solutions.
  • To investigate the influence of various parameters on cadmium adsorption.
  • To characterize the adsorbent and determine the adsorption mechanism and thermodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Batch adsorption experiments were conducted.
  • Parameters studied included initial cadmium concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature.
  • Garbage ash was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
  • Adsorption kinetics and isotherms were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm model (R² = 0.99).
  • The maximum adsorption capacity was determined to be 100.25 mg/g.
  • Cadmium adsorption was found to be a spontaneous and endothermic process.

Conclusions:

  • Garbage ash is a highly efficient and low-cost adsorbent for cadmium removal.
  • The study provides valuable data for utilizing waste materials in environmental remediation.
  • Further research can explore large-scale application of garbage ash for heavy metal removal.