Purification of a functional receptor for calcium-channel blockers from rabbit skeletal-muscle microsomes

The dihydropyridine receptor was purified from rabbit skeletal muscle microsomes in the presence of [3H]nitrendipine plus diltiazem or [3H](+)PN 200-110 to an apparent density of 1.5-2 nmol binding sites/mg protein. Sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis in the absence of reducing agents yielded three peptide bands of 142, 56 and 30 kDa in a relative ratio of 11:1:1.3, whereas in the presence of 40 mM dithiothreitol bands of 142, 122, 56, 31, 26 and 22 kDa were obtained in a relative ratio of 5.5:2.2:1:0.9:14:0.09. This gel pattern was observed regardless of whether the receptor was purified as a complex with nitrendipine plus diltiazem or with (+)PN 200-110. cAMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylated preferentially the 142-kDa band up to a stoichiometry of 0.82 +/- 0.07 (15) mol phosphate/mol peptide. The 56-kDa band was phosphorylated only in substoichiometric amounts. [3H]PN 200-110 bound at 4 degrees C to one site with apparent Kd and Bmax values of 9.3 +/- 1.7 nM and 2.2 +/- 0.3 (3) nmol/mg protein, respectively. The binding was stereospecific and was not observed in the presence of 1 mM EGTA. Desmethoxyverapamil interfered with the binding of [3H]PN 200-110 in an apparent allosteric manner. (-)Desmethoxyverapamil inhibited the binding of [3H]PN 200-110 at 37 degrees C and stimulated it at 18 degrees C. In agreement with these results, (-)desmethoxyverapamil increased the dissociation rate of [3H]PN 200-110 from 0.29 min-1 to 0.38 min-1 at 37 degrees C and decreased it threefold from 0.046 min-1 to 0.017 min-1 at 18 degrees C. The (+)isomer of desmethoxyverapamil inhibited PN 200-110 binding at all temperatures tested. d-cis-Diltiazem stimulated the binding of [3H]PN 200-110 at 37 degrees C with an apparent EC50 of 1.4 microM and decreased the dissociation rate from 0.29 min-1 to 0.11 min-1. The stimulatory effect of d-cis-diltiazem was temperature-dependent and was seen only at temperatures above 18 degrees C. These results suggest that the purified dihydropyridine receptor retains the basic properties of the membrane-bound receptor and contains separate sites for at least dihydropyridines and phenylalkylamines.