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Majorana Corner Modes in a High-Temperature Platform.

Zhongbo Yan1, Fei Song1, Zhong Wang1,2

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We propose a new method for creating Majorana zero modes using topological insulators and high-temperature superconductors. This approach offers a high-temperature platform for topological quantum computing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Quantum computing

Background:

  • Topological insulators possess unique edge states with potential for hosting exotic particles.
  • Superconductors can induce novel electronic properties in adjacent materials through proximity effects.
  • Majorana zero modes are exotic quasiparticles with potential applications in fault-tolerant quantum computing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish high-temperature platforms for Majorana zero modes.
  • To explore the use of topological insulators in proximity to high-temperature superconductors.
  • To develop a topologically trivial superconductor-based approach for Majorana zero modes.

Main Methods:

  • Investigating the proximity effect between two-dimensional topological insulators and high-temperature superconductors (cuprates or iron-based).
  • Analyzing the helical edge states of topological insulators under superconducting proximity.
  • Examining the role of pairing symmetry in creating Majorana zero modes at sample corners.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that proximity-induced pairing acts as a Dirac mass at the topological insulator edge.
  • Showed that the pairing symmetry of high-temperature superconductors causes a sign change in the Dirac mass at sample corners.
  • Confirmed the natural formation of pairs of Majorana zero modes at each corner, protected by time-reversal symmetry.

Conclusions:

  • High-temperature topological insulators in proximity to high-T superconductors offer a viable platform for Majorana zero modes.
  • This method provides a topologically trivial superconductor-based approach for realizing Majorana zero modes.
  • Quantitative criteria and candidate materials are proposed for experimental realization.