Rare cause of ovarian mass

Pelvic actinomycosis is a rare entity that occurs almost exclusively in women, the presentation of which is usually non-specific and variable. Pelvic actinomycosis is almost always associated with the use of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD). Pelvic actinomycosis unrelated to IUD use is almost always associated with previous surgical procedures. The symptoms, clinical signs and radiological findings are usually non-specific, mimicking an ovarian malignancy. So an awareness of this rare condition and a proper diagnosis can avoid unnecessary surgeries because these cases can be treated with a prolonged course of antibiotics. We present a case of pelvic actinomycosis which masqueraded as an ovarian malignancy.