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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance

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The Relationship Between Resting State Network Connectivity and Individual Differences in Executive Functions.

Andrew E Reineberg^1,2, Daniel E Gustavson³, Chelsie Benca⁴

¹Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States.

Frontiers in Psychology

|September 21, 2018

Summary

Executive function (EF) abilities are linked to brain network connectivity. Shifting-specific EF, but not general EF, correlates with distinct patterns of brain network activity, specifically between attention and default networks.

Keywords:

executive function fMRI functional connectivity networks resting-state

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Brain Imaging

Background:

Brain networks like the frontoparietal, attention, and default networks support cognitive functions.
Individual differences in brain network correlations during rest (resting-state fMRI) reflect variations in cognitive abilities.
Previous research suggests cognitive performance is associated with anti-correlation between frontoparietal/attention and default networks.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the specific relationships between distinct components of executive function (EF) and brain network connectivity.
To examine if Shifting-specific EF and Updating-specific EF show unique connectivity patterns, beyond general EF (Common EF).

Main Methods:

Decomposed executive function into Common EF, Shifting-specific EF, and Updating-specific EF using factor scores from behavioral tasks.
Analyzed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 250 adult participants.
Correlated EF factor scores with functional connectivity between predefined brain networks.

Main Results:

A negative correlation between the ventral attention network and the default network was specifically linked to Shifting-specific EF, after controlling for Common EF.
Individuals with higher Shifting-specific EF showed increased positive connectivity between frontoparietal and visual networks.
Higher Common EF was associated with increased connectivity between sensory and default networks.

Conclusions:

Executive function abilities exhibit specific relationships with brain network connectivity patterns.
Shifting-specific EF is uniquely associated with a negative correlation between the ventral attention and default networks.
These findings provide novel specificity regarding the neural underpinnings of executive functions.