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Related Concept Videos

Chemical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions03:03

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Chemical substances interact in many different ways. Certain chemical reactions exhibit common patterns of reactivity. Due to the vast number of chemical reactions, it becomes necessary to classify them based on the observed patterns of interaction.
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Phase I biotransformation reactions are integral to drug metabolism, predominantly involving oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic transformations. Chief among these are oxidative reactions, which enhance the hydrophilicity of xenobiotics and introduce polar functional groups to facilitate their elimination from the body.
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Oxidative reactions are pivotal in metabolizing numerous compounds, including pharmaceutical drugs. These reactions often occur in carbon-heteroatom systems, such as carbon-nitrogen, carbon-sulfur, and carbon-oxygen.
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Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

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Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
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The distribution law or Nernst's distribution law is the law that governs the distribution of a solute between two immiscible solvents. This law, also known as the partition law, states that if a solute is added to the mixture of two immiscible solvents at a constant temperature, the solute is distributed between the two solvents in such a way that the ratio of solute concentrations in the solvents remains constant at equilibrium.
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Cell Co-culture Patterning Using Aqueous Two-phase Systems
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Collagen Partition in Polymeric Aqueous Two-Phase Systems for Tissue Engineering.

Sunil Singh1, Hossein Tavana1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, United States.

Frontiers in Chemistry
|September 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Polymer molecular weight influences protein partitioning in aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS). Lowering polymer molecular weight enhances collagen partitioning, enabling 3D microtissue formation for tissue engineering.

Keywords:
3D cultureATPScollagenpartitionspheroid

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) are widely used for protein partitioning.
  • Protein partitioning is influenced by polymer properties and phase electrochemistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of polymer molecular weight on collagen partitioning in polyethylene glycol (PEG)/dextran (DEX) ATPS.
  • To explore the application of optimized ATPS for creating 3D breast cancer microtissues.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized various ATPS formulations with different molecular weights of PEG and DEX.
  • Partitioning of collagen was quantified across the phase-separated systems.
  • A 3D breast cancer microtissue was constructed using the partitioned collagen.

Main Results:

  • Collagen partitioning significantly increased as the molecular weight of phase polymers decreased.
  • A substantial difference in polymer molecular weights was required for significant uneven collagen distribution.
  • Successful encapsulation of breast cancer spheroids within partitioned collagen to form 3D microtissues.

Conclusions:

  • Polymer molecular weight is a critical factor controlling protein partitioning in ATPS.
  • ATPS offer a tunable platform for protein separation and biomaterial fabrication.
  • This method provides a promising approach for generating 3D microtissues in tissue engineering.