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Pressure Injury in the Pediatric Population: Cohort Study Using the Braden Q Scale

Marcelli Cristine Vocci1, Cassiana Mendes Bertoncello Fontes, Luciana Patricia Fernandes Abbade

  • 1At the Medical School of São Paolo State University, in Botucatu, São Paolo, Brazil, Marcelli Cristine Vocci, MSN, is a PhD student; Cassiana Mendes Bertoncello Fontes, PhD, is Professor, Nursing Department; and Luciana Patricia Fernandes Abbade, PhD, is Professor, Dermatology and Radiotherapy Department.

Advances in Skin & Wound Care
|September 21, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric patients, especially in intensive care, face a high risk of pressure injuries. Limited mobility and vasopressor use are key risk factors, necessitating preventive protocols.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Nursing research
  • Patient safety

Background:

  • Pressure injuries pose a significant risk to hospitalized pediatric patients.
  • Bedridden children, particularly those in intensive care units (ICUs), are vulnerable to developing pressure injuries.
  • Understanding risk factors and incidence is crucial for effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and risk factors of pressure injuries in bedridden pediatric patients.
  • To identify sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic profiles of affected children.
  • To inform the development of preventive measures and protocols.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study conducted in a public teaching hospital's ICU and pediatric ward.
  • Inclusion of 85 pediatric patients (45 ICU, 40 pediatric ward).
  • Regular assessment of Braden Q Scale scores until patient discharge or death.

Main Results:

  • High-risk categorization for 93.3% of ICU and 87.5% of pediatric ward patients.
  • 12 patients developed 24 pressure injuries, with an incidence of 14.1% within a mean of 4 days.
  • Significant association between vasopressor use and pressure injury development; primary risk factor was "mobility and activity" deficit.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of hospitalized pediatric patients are at high risk for pressure injuries.
  • The study highlighted the absence of prior preventive guidelines, underscoring the need for a standardized protocol.
  • Development of a prevention and reduction protocol for pediatric pressure injuries is recommended.
Abstract

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