Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Grade III Varicocele Surgical Treatment using Spermatic Vein-Superficial Abdominal Vein Shunt
Published on: August 23, 2024
Varicose veins due to reflux in a tortuous sartorius muscle vein
Kees-Peter de Roos1, Marianne G R De Maeseneer2
1DermaPark, Uden, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
In daily phlebology practice, duplex ultrasound may sometimes reveal unusual pathways of reflux. A 46-year-old woman presented with heaviness and pain at the medial side of the left thigh after exercise. A tortuous intramuscular course of a large refluxing vein was seen in the sartorius muscle in connection with a femoral vein perforator cranially and the below-knee great saphenous vein distally. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed these findings. Treatment consisted of a combination of foam sclerotherapy, radiofrequency ablation, and phlebectomies.
Related Concept Videos
Varicose Veins I: Introduction
Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
Veins
Structure of Veins:
The structure of veins is specifically designed to assist in the low-pressure transportation of...
Veins of Thorax
The azygos vein, positioned just right of the midline and anterior to the vertebral column, begins at the junction of the right ascending lumbar and subcostal veins, terminating in the superior vena cava. This vein drains blood from the right side of the thoracic wall, thoracic viscera, and posterior abdominal wall.
The...
Veins of Lower Limbs
Formed by the union of the medial and lateral plantar veins, the posterior tibial vein, rising through the calf muscle, assimilates the fibular vein. The anterior tibial vein, a superior extension of the foot's dorsalis pedis vein, merges with the posterior tibial vein at the...
Veins as Blood Reservoirs

