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Breast filariasis.

Adarsh Barwad1, Shamresh Kumar Singh1, Ravi Phulware1

  • 1Department of Pathology, AIIMS, New Delhi- 110029, India.

Idcases
|September 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Filariasis, a parasitic worm infection, can affect the breast, presenting a diagnostic challenge. Early detection through cytology is crucial, especially in endemic regions like India, to avoid unnecessary surgery.

Keywords:
Breast filariasisBrugia malayiFilariasisMicrofilariaWuchereria bancrofti

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Parasitology
  • Tropical Medicine
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Filariasis poses a significant global health and socioeconomic burden, particularly in tropical regions of Asia and Africa.
  • India has a high prevalence of filariasis, with endemicity in several states, often near water bodies.
  • Breast filariasis is an uncommon manifestation, potentially leading to diagnostic difficulties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of breast filariasis diagnosed via fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).
  • To highlight the importance of considering filariasis in the differential diagnosis of breast lumps in endemic areas.
  • To emphasize the diagnostic utility of FNAC in identifying filarial parasites in breast tissue.

Main Methods:

  • A case study of a 28-year-old female presenting with a breast lump.
  • Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the breast lump.
  • Microscopic examination of cytological smears for parasitic forms.

Main Results:

  • FNAC revealed the presence of a live adult filarial worm, microfilariae, and eggs.
  • The patient presented with a three-month history of a painless left breast lump without nipple discharge.
  • The findings confirmed filariasis of the breast, a rare cytological diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Filariasis of the breast is an uncommon condition that can mimic other breast pathologies.
  • A high index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosing breast filariasis, especially in patients from endemic areas.
  • Cytological examination (FNAC) is a valuable tool for the definitive diagnosis of breast filariasis, potentially avoiding surgical intervention.