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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
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In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
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Mechanically Responsive Crystalline Coordination Polymers with Controllable Elasticity.

Marijana Đaković1, Mladen Borovina1, Mateja Pisačić1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|September 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel elastic crystalline coordination polymers. These flexible materials exhibit mechanical elasticity under pressure, offering new possibilities for advanced materials.

Keywords:
coordination polymerscrystal engineeringflexible crystalshalogen bondshydrogen bonds

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Crystalline coordination polymers are typically brittle and lack mechanical elasticity.
  • Developing flexible crystalline materials is a significant challenge in materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a new family of coordination polymers exhibiting mechanical elasticity.
  • To investigate the structure-property relationships governing the elastic behavior of these compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of 1D cadmium(II) halide polymeric chains.
  • Characterization of crystal structures, focusing on stacking interactions and crystallographic axes.
  • Analysis of non-covalent interactions, including hydrogen bonds and halogen bonds, perpendicular to the polymer chains.

Main Results:

  • A series of crystalline coordination polymers capable of mechanical elasticity were successfully synthesized.
  • The elastic behavior is attributed to the specific arrangement of 1D polymeric chains and the nature of inter-chain non-covalent interactions.
  • Control over the strength and geometry of hydrogen and halogen bonds allows tuning of the elastic bending in the crystals.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents a successful design strategy for creating elastic crystalline coordination polymers.
  • The findings demonstrate that mechanical elasticity can be achieved by controlling specific structural features and non-covalent interactions.
  • These elastic crystals hold potential for applications requiring flexible and responsive crystalline materials.