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Changes in peripapillary choroidal thickness in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Elena Garcia-Martin1,2, Laura Jarauta2,3, Luis E Pablo1,2

  • 1Ophthalmology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.

Acta Ophthalmologica
|September 22, 2018
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Summary

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibit significantly thinner peripapillary choroidal thickness (PPCT) around the optic disc compared to healthy individuals. This finding, measured using swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT), highlights potential biomarkers for MS progression.

Keywords:
Deep Range Imagingchoroidmultiple sclerosisneurodegenerative diseaseoptical coherence tomographyperipapillary choroidal thicknessswept source

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Peripapillary choroidal thickness (PPCT) is a measurable parameter around the optic disc.
  • Advanced imaging techniques like swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) enable detailed analysis of ocular structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish standardized zones for measuring peripapillary choroidal thickness (PPCT) around the optic disc.
  • To utilize a new SS-OCT device for precise PPCT measurements.
  • To compare PPCT between patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 102 healthy subjects and 51 patients with MS.
  • Divided healthy subjects into teaching (n=51) and validating (n=51) cohorts.
  • Acquired 6.0 × 6.0-mm 3D optic disc scans using SS-OCT Triton, generating a 26 × 26 cube-grid for PPCT measurement across four defined zones.

Main Results:

  • Significantly reduced PPCT was observed in MS patients across all four concentric zones compared to healthy controls (p ≤ 0.0001).
  • Zone 2 PPCT: 134.02 ± 16.59 μm (MS) vs. 171.56 ± 12.43 μm (Controls).
  • PPCT exhibited a concentric pattern, increasing with distance from the optic nerve head, and was thicker superiorly, followed by temporal, nasal, and inferior regions in both groups.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with MS demonstrate significant peripapillary choroidal thinning in all measured zones around the optic disc.
  • The choroid displays a concentric thickness pattern, increasing away from the optic nerve.
  • The SS-OCT device shows promise as a clinical tool for assessing choroidal thinning in MS patients.