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Extracellular matrix in cardiovascular pathophysiology.

Maria Bloksgaard1, Merry Lindsey2,3, Luis A Martinez-Lemus4

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark.

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|September 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is vital for cardiovascular health and disease. This review highlights how cardiac and vascular ECM properties influence cell signaling and disease progression, emphasizing its critical role.

Keywords:
cardiaccardiovascularcollagenextracellular matrixmatrix metalloproteinasesmyocardialvascular

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cellular Physiology

Background:

  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a dynamic role in cardiovascular development, physiology, and disease.
  • ECM properties, including stiffness and bioactive molecule storage, influence cellular behavior and signaling.
  • Aging and injury trigger ECM modifications that impact cellular responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on the cardiac and vascular ECM.
  • To highlight the significance of ECM's physical, mechanical, and signaling roles.
  • To underscore the translational importance of understanding ECM in cardiovascular contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of findings from 21 articles in the American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology.
  • Focus on studies investigating cellular responses to ECM properties and modifications.
  • Analysis of ECM's role in both normal physiology and disease states.

Main Results:

  • Cells actively respond to and modify ECM stiffness and composition.
  • ECM acts as a reservoir for signaling molecules released during injury or aging.
  • Specific examples illustrate how ECM interactions trigger intracellular signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • The extracellular matrix is a fundamental component of the heart and vasculature.
  • Understanding ECM dynamics is crucial for addressing cardiovascular diseases.
  • Further research into ECM's multifaceted roles promises significant clinical advancements.