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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Radiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer diagnosis relies on systematic biopsies.
  • Active surveillance is increasingly used for low-risk prostate cancer.
  • Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is emerging as a valuable tool.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current data on mpMRI for guiding prostate cancer biopsy decisions.
  • To assess the utility of mpMRI in active surveillance programs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of contemporary data on mpMRI in prostate cancer diagnosis.
  • Evaluation of mpMRI's role in biopsy-naive and previously biopsied men.
  • Assessment of mpMRI for active surveillance monitoring.

Main Results:

  • MRI with or without targeted biopsy improves detection of clinically significant prostate cancer after negative biopsies.
  • Growing evidence supports MRI for biopsy-naive patients and active surveillance.
  • mpMRI offers greater specificity for detecting clinically significant cancer.

Conclusions:

  • mpMRI enhances prostate cancer diagnosis and surveillance accuracy.
  • It aids in reducing overdetection of indolent disease.
  • mpMRI may minimize risks associated with systematic biopsies.