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Tinnitus Impacts on Speech and Non-speech Stimuli
Shaghayegh Omidvar1,2, Saeid Mahmoudian3, Mehdi Khabazkhoob4
1Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz.
Summary
Tinnitus impacts subcortical processing of speech and non-speech sounds, indicated by altered auditory brainstem responses (ABR). This suggests maladaptive neural plasticity affects auditory timing in individuals with tinnitus.
Area of Science:
- Auditory Neuroscience
- Neurophysiology
Background:
- Tinnitus is a common auditory disorder characterized by phantom sounds.
- Understanding subcortical processing alterations in tinnitus is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the subcortical effects of tinnitus on speech and non-speech auditory processing.
- To determine if tinnitus-related neural changes can be measured using auditory brainstem responses (ABR).
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study compared 18 individuals with tinnitus to 20 age- and sex-matched controls with normal hearing.
- Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) to non-speech (click-ABR) and speech (sABR) stimuli were recorded.
Main Results:
- Individuals with tinnitus showed significantly longer latencies in click-ABR waves (III, V, Vn) and inter-peak latency (IPL) I-V compared to controls.
- Speech-evoked ABR (sABR) revealed longer latencies for all waves in the tinnitus group.
- Tinnitus patients exhibited reduced encoding of formants and altered spectral magnitudes, indicating impaired speech processing.
Conclusions:
- Maladaptive neural plasticity associated with tinnitus can be objectively measured at the subcortical level.
- Tinnitus interferes with the timing and encoding of both speech and non-speech auditory stimuli.
- Findings support the role of tinnitus as internal noise impacting auditory processing and suggest potential therapeutic targets.
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