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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Nonlinear dynamics
  • Wave phenomena

Background:

  • Nonlinear waves in magnetic media are crucial for advanced technologies.
  • Understanding wave interactions in structured materials like magnonic crystals is an active research area.
  • Modulational instability is a known mechanism for generating complex wave patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally observe and characterize exact fractals in nonlinear waves.
  • To investigate the spontaneous generation of complex frequency spectra in magnonic crystals.
  • To explore the role of modulational instability in fractal wave formation.

Main Methods:

  • Excitation of spin waves in a quasi-one-dimensional magnonic crystal using microwaves.
  • Systematic variation of input microwave power (P_in).
  • Analysis of the output signal's power-frequency spectrum and time-domain characteristics.

Main Results:

  • At low input power, a single peak spectrum was observed.
  • Increased input power led to modulational instability, generating side modes and a comblike frequency spectrum.
  • Further increases in power resulted in self-similar finer frequency combs, forming a fractal pattern.
  • The frequency-domain fractal corresponded to multi-layered amplitude modulation in the time-domain signal.

Conclusions:

  • Exact fractals of nonlinear waves were experimentally demonstrated for the first time in magnetic media.
  • Modulational instability is a key mechanism driving the formation of these complex, self-similar wave structures.
  • The findings open new avenues for controlling and utilizing complex wave phenomena in magnonic devices.