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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical applications of nanomaterials
  • Nanomedicine
  • Cellular and tissue interactions

Background:

  • Growing interest in selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) as natural trace element nanomaterials.
  • Numerous studies evaluating SeNPs' bioactivities, including anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.
  • SeNPs show potential as an alternative to traditional pharmaceutical agents due to decreased toxicity and biomaterial interfacing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Critically review current research on biomedical applications of SeNPs.
  • Assess the effectiveness of SeNPs at cellular and tissue levels.
  • Highlight the potential of SeNPs as a biomaterial-based therapeutic toolkit.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro and in vivo experimental studies on SeNPs.
  • Critical assessment of SeNPs' effectiveness compared to pharmaceutical drugs.
  • Analysis of SeNPs' role as an interfacing biomaterial with cells and tissues.

Main Results:

  • SeNPs demonstrate significant anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.
  • Evidence shows SeNPs can inhibit bacterial adhesion, growth, and quorum sensing, preventing biofilm formation.
  • SeNPs exhibit promising decreased toxicity and effective interfacing with cells and tissues.

Conclusions:

  • SeNPs show considerable potential in nanomedicine, particularly for antimicrobial applications and as anticancer agents.
  • Further research is essential to enhance SeNP efficacy, especially when compared to conventional drugs.
  • Investigating SeNP material stability, subcellular mechanisms, and synergistic effects is crucial for future development.