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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: Development and Evaluation of a Standardized Rat Model for Calvarial Suture-Bony Composite Defects

Author Spotlight: Development and Evaluation of a Standardized Rat Model for Calvarial Suture-Bony Composite Defects

Published on: May 10, 2024

Mechanical analysis of suture attachment methods in toggle suture constructs.

Kathleen A Kraska¹, Joshua Jackson²

¹Department of Small Animal Surgery, The Animal Medical Center, New York, New York.

Veterinary Surgery : VS

|September 23, 2018

Summary

The attachment method for OrthoFiber #5 to a toggle rod significantly impacts construct strength and stiffness. Construct D, with OrthoFiber #5 passed through the toggle rod eyelet, demonstrated superior load to failure and stiffness.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Orthopedics
Biomaterials Science
Surgical Techniques

Background:

Coxofemoral luxation is a common orthopedic injury in animals.
Toggle-rod implants are used in surgical repair, but their biomechanical properties depend on suture attachment.
OrthoFiber #5 is a synthetic suture material used in orthopedic repairs.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate how different methods of attaching OrthoFiber #5 to a 1/8-in Securos toggle rod affect the construct's mechanical properties.
To identify the optimal attachment method for enhanced stability and durability.

Main Methods:

A prospective, bench-top mechanical analysis was conducted.
128 OrthoFiber #5-toggle rod constructs were prepared using 8 distinct attachment methods (16 constructs per group).
Constructs were tested in tension using a servohydraulic materials-testing machine to assess load to failure, cycles to failure, stiffness, and suture elongation.

Main Results:

Constructs D and G exhibited the highest mean load to failure (>500 N).
Constructs D and E demonstrated superior stiffness (53.52 N/mm and 53.6 N/mm, respectively).
Construct A showed the greatest elongation, while construct C had a higher cycles to failure compared to constructs A, B, and H.

Conclusions:

The method of attaching OrthoFiber #5 to the toggle rod significantly influences mechanical properties.
No single method excelled in all tested parameters, but construct D was superior in load to failure and stiffness.
Passing OrthoFiber #5 straight through the toggle rod eyelet (Construct D) may offer enhanced stability and fatigue resistance for coxofemoral luxation repairs.