Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Flow Cytometry01:23

Flow Cytometry

16.2K
The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
In...
16.2K
Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

52.5K
Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
52.5K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

28.1K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
28.1K
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

476
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
476
What is Genetic Engineering?00:49

What is Genetic Engineering?

80.2K
Overview
80.2K
Sound Waves: Interference00:53

Sound Waves: Interference

4.7K
Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...
4.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

When Threat Comes from Within: First Evidence that Anticipatory Emotion Impairs Working Memory.

Affective science·2026
Same author

Pulmonary toxicity of micro- and nano polyethylene particles following intratracheal instillation in rats.

Particle and fibre toxicology·2026
Same author

Ovarian function is required for functional recovery of muscle by human ESC-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells in postmenopausal sarcopenic mice.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie·2026
Same author

Stability and dermal safety of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> MXenes for potential skin-interfaced biosensor applications.

Environment international·2026
Same author

Modeling glioblastoma relapse in vitro: a critical journey from 2D models to organ-on-chip alternatives.

NPJ precision oncology·2026
Same author

Multicentre evaluation of teicoplanin prescribing and monitoring in the UK and Ireland: the TUcK-SHOP study.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Automation of the Micronucleus Assay Using Imaging Flow Cytometry and Artificial Intelligence
09:11

Automation of the Micronucleus Assay Using Imaging Flow Cytometry and Artificial Intelligence

Published on: January 27, 2023

2.8K

Interference of engineered nanomaterials in flow cytometry: A case study.

Nils Bohmer1, Alexandra Rippl1, Sarah May1

  • 1Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.

Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
|September 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Engineered nanomaterials (ENM) can interfere with flow cytometry assays used for safety assessments. A new spike-in method helps identify these interferences, improving the reliability of nanomaterial hazard evaluation.

Keywords:
Flow cytometryFluorescenceHuman cellsIn vitro assayInterferenceNanomaterials

More Related Videos

Flow Cytometry Purification of Mouse Meiotic Cells
10:43

Flow Cytometry Purification of Mouse Meiotic Cells

Published on: April 15, 2011

18.3K
Author Spotlight: Advancing Research in Microbial Autoaggregation Using Imaging Flow Cytometry
05:19

Author Spotlight: Advancing Research in Microbial Autoaggregation Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: September 29, 2023

1.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Automation of the Micronucleus Assay Using Imaging Flow Cytometry and Artificial Intelligence
09:11

Automation of the Micronucleus Assay Using Imaging Flow Cytometry and Artificial Intelligence

Published on: January 27, 2023

2.8K
Flow Cytometry Purification of Mouse Meiotic Cells
10:43

Flow Cytometry Purification of Mouse Meiotic Cells

Published on: April 15, 2011

18.3K
Author Spotlight: Advancing Research in Microbial Autoaggregation Using Imaging Flow Cytometry
05:19

Author Spotlight: Advancing Research in Microbial Autoaggregation Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: September 29, 2023

1.3K

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Nanotechnology offers significant potential in medicine, but translation to market is hindered by safety assessment uncertainties.
  • Engineered nanomaterials (ENM) can interfere with standard in vitro cytotoxicity assays, complicating hazard evaluation.
  • Flow cytometry, a common in vitro technique, is susceptible to ENM interference due to its reliance on light scattering and fluorescence detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interference of ENM in the Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) assay for quantifying cell apoptosis and necrosis.
  • To evaluate interference from silica and gold nanoparticles with varying properties.
  • To develop a versatile method for identifying ENM interference in flow cytometry.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized flow cytometry to analyze cell populations using the Annexin V/PI assay.
  • Investigated interference from silica and gold nanoparticles at relevant concentrations.
  • Employed a "spike-in" approach to detect and characterize ENM interference phenomena.

Main Results:

  • Silica nanoparticles caused false-positive signals with specific fluorophore combinations (FITC/PI) and in the absence of a protein corona.
  • Gold nanoparticles induced quenching effects, minimally affected by protein presence, across analyzed fluorophore combinations.
  • Distinct interference patterns were observed for both ENM types at realistic concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • ENM interference in Annexin V/PI assays is a significant challenge for nanomaterial safety assessment.
  • The developed spike-in approach effectively identifies various ENM interference types.
  • This method enhances the reliability and quality of flow cytometry data for ENM hazard assessment.