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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
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Related Experiment Video

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Small Bowel Transplantation In Mice
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Small Bowel Obstruction.

Katie Love Bower1, Daniel I Lollar1, Sharon L Williams1

  • 1Carilion Clinic and Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Carilion Clinic Department of Surgery, 1906 Belleview Avenue, Med. Ed., 3rd Floor, Suite 332, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA.

The Surgical Clinics of North America
|September 24, 2018
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Summary

Identifying small bowel obstruction patients needing surgery is difficult. Most cases resolve without surgery, but computed tomography scans help determine the cause and severity, guiding treatment decisions.

Keywords:
AdhesiolysisEnterolysisIntestinal obstructionSmall bowel obstructionWater soluble contrast challenge

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Abdominal Surgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Small bowel obstruction (SBO) presents a diagnostic challenge in determining the need for surgical intervention versus nonoperative management.
  • Accurate identification of patients who will fail conservative treatment is crucial for timely surgical planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diagnostic and management strategies for small bowel obstruction.
  • To identify factors influencing the success or failure of nonoperative management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and clinical guidelines for small bowel obstruction management.
  • Emphasis on the role of computed tomography (CT) scans in evaluating SBO, including location, grade, and etiology.
  • Discussion of operative versus nonoperative treatment approaches.

Main Results:

  • The majority of small bowel obstructions resolve with nonoperative management.
  • Computed tomography scans are essential for identifying obstruction characteristics when urgent intervention is not indicated.
  • Early identification and management of malnutrition are critical, particularly for patients undergoing surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Nonoperative management is successful for most small bowel obstructions.
  • CT imaging is vital for characterizing SBO and guiding treatment.
  • Several confounding factors, including advanced age and prior abdominal surgeries, influence management decisions.