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A PNA-based Lab-on-PCB diagnostic platform for rapid and high sensitivity DNA quantification.

Pawan Jolly1, Joshua Rainbow2, Anna Regoutz3

  • 1Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio) and Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK; DxOnBoard Ltd, Carpenter House, Broad Quay, Bath BA1 1UD, UK.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
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Summary

Researchers developed a novel Lab-on-PCB DNA diagnostic platform using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes. This highly sensitive biosensor achieves a record low limit of detection for rapid DNA quantification.

Keywords:
BiosensorDNAImpedimetricNucleic acidPCBPNA

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science for Biosensing
  • Microfluidics and Lab-on-a-Chip Systems

Background:

  • Printed Circuit Board (PCB) technology offers a scalable and cost-effective platform for developing integrated microsystems.
  • Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) sequences are promising probes for DNA detection due to their high binding affinity and specificity.
  • Existing PCB-based biosensors often face limitations in sensitivity and integration for rapid diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize a Lab-on-PCB DNA diagnostic platform utilizing PNA probes.
  • To characterize gold electroplating processes on PCBs for enhanced biosensing performance.
  • To demonstrate rapid and highly sensitive DNA detection using an integrated microsystem.

Main Methods:

  • Optimization and characterization of commercial PCB gold electroplating processes for biosensing.
  • Immobilization of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes with a mercaptocarboxylic acid (MCH) spacer molecule.
  • Fabrication of a fully integrated Lab-on-PCB microsystem with on-chip sample delivery.

Main Results:

  • Achieved the lowest limit of detection (LoD) of 57 fM for PCB-based DNA biosensors.
  • Demonstrated DNA quantification in the 0.1-100 pM range for small sample volumes (5 μL).
  • Realized rapid analysis within 5 minutes under continuous flow conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Lab-on-PCB platform demonstrates high sensitivity and rapid DNA detection capabilities.
  • Optimized PCB manufacturing processes are suitable for advanced biosensing applications.
  • This technology paves the way for integrated, point-of-care DNA diagnostic microsystems.