Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 4, 2026
08:55
Testing the In Vitro and In Vivo Efficiency of mRNA-Lipid Nanoparticles Formulated by Microfluidic Mixing
Published on: January 20, 2023
14.0K
Formulation Optimization of Chitosan-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles Using In Vitro Antimicrobial Assay
Chintan Pansara1, Wei Yee Chan2, Ankit Parikh3
1Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481 India.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|September 24, 2018
Summary
Chitosan-stabilized silver nanoparticles (CH-AgNP) show potent antimicrobial activity, effectively reducing bacterial growth and biofilms. This formulation offers a promising solution for treating infections linked to antimicrobial resistance.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Materials Science
- Microbiology
Background:
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) at infection sites is a critical health concern, increasing patient morbidity and mortality.
- Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) possess antibacterial properties due to their large surface area, but their use is limited by dose-dependent toxicity.
- Chitosan is a biocompatible polymer that can stabilize nanoparticles and potentially enhance their therapeutic efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To formulate and evaluate chitosan-stabilized silver nanoparticles (CH-AgNP) for antimicrobial activity.
- To determine the efficacy of CH-AgNP against various bacterial strains, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
- To assess the antibiofilm potential of CH-AgNP.
Main Methods:
- CH-AgNP were formulated, and their optimal AgNP:chitosan ratio was determined to be 1:4.
- Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays were performed against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and MRSA isolates.
- Minimum Biofilm Eradication Concentration (MBEC) studies and in vitro antimicrobial checkerboard assays were conducted.
Main Results:
- CH-AgNP demonstrated significantly lower MIC and MBC values (4-14 times lower) compared to AgNP alone against MRSA isolates.
- Effective MBEC values for CH-AgNP were determined against specific Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.
- The formulation showed potent activity against tested bacterial pathogens, indicating enhanced antimicrobial efficacy.
Conclusions:
- CH-AgNP exhibits strong antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties, outperforming silver nanoparticles alone.
- The optimal formulation ratio (1:4 AgNP:chitosan) enhances antibacterial efficacy, particularly against resistant strains.
- CH-AgNP represents a promising candidate for developing novel wound treatments and managing infections associated with antimicrobial resistance.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Antimicrobial Effectiveness
999
The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
999
03:18Nuclear Stability
23.3K
Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together...
To hold positively charged protons together...
23.3K
01:53RNA Stability
35.7K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
35.7K
01:23Antimicrobial Proteins
14.4K
Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
14.4K
01:28Stability
418
The time response of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system can be divided into transient and steady-state responses. The transient response represents the system's initial reaction to a change in input and diminishes to zero over time. In contrast, the steady-state response is the behavior that persists after the transient effects have faded.
The stability of an LTI system is determined by the roots of its characteristic equation, known as poles. A system is stable if it produces a bounded...
The stability of an LTI system is determined by the roots of its characteristic equation, known as poles. A system is stable if it produces a bounded...
418
00:48Optimal Foraging
13.8K
How animals obtain and eat their food is called foraging behavior. Foraging can include searching for plants and hunting for prey and depends on the species and environment.
13.8K