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[Pathogenetic mechanisms in autoimmune diseases].

J Morenz

    Zeitschrift Fur Die Gesamte Innere Medizin Und Ihre Grenzgebiete
    |September 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Autoimmune diseases involve antibodies attacking the body. Pathogenesis mechanisms include proteases in pemphigus and pemphigoid, and immune cells causing tissue injury in immune complex diseases.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Dermatology
    • Pathology

    Context:

    • Presents newer concepts in autoimmune disease pathogenesis, building upon earlier reviews.
    • Focuses on the mechanisms underlying conditions like pemphigus, pemphigoid, and immune complex diseases.

    Purpose:

    • To elucidate the detailed mechanisms of tissue damage in various autoimmune disorders.
    • To explain the role of autoantibodies, proteases, and complement activation in disease progression.

    Summary:

    • Acantholysis in pemphigus results from proteases released by stratified squamous epithelium cells, triggered by autoantibodies to cell membrane antigens.
    • Dermoepidermal cleavage in pemphigoid is linked to granulocyte proteases at the dermoepidermal junction, mediated by antibody-induced complement activation.
    • Receptor autoantibodies can modulate receptor function, increase degradation, or cause lysis via complement. Immune complex diseases involve reactive oxygen metabolites and proteases from phagocytes.

    Impact:

    • Provides a deeper understanding of autoimmune disease mechanisms.
    • Highlights the critical roles of cellular enzymes and immune system components in tissue injury.
    • Offers insights for potential therapeutic targets in autoimmune conditions.

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