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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Neurology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and shingles.
  • VZV can reactivate, particularly in elderly and immunocompromised individuals.
  • VZV reactivation is a known risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight key features for diagnosing VZV vasculopathy.
  • To expand understanding of VZV vasculopathy in extracranial circulation.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing VZV as a cause of vascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical, imaging, and laboratory findings in VZV vasculopathy patients.
  • Analysis of studies on VZV vasculopathy pathogenesis.
  • Examination of VZV's role in vascular disease, with or without rash.

Main Results:

  • Identified key diagnostic features for VZV vasculopathy.
  • Expanded the spectrum of VZV vasculopathy to extracranial vessels.
  • Established VZV reactivation as a risk factor for cardiovascular events.

Conclusions:

  • VZV vasculopathy requires recognition for timely diagnosis and treatment.
  • Antiviral therapy can effectively manage VZV-related vascular disease.
  • Recognizing VZV's role is essential to decrease morbidity and mortality.