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Unique Flavanol-Anthocyanin Condensed Forms in Apache Red Purple Corn.

Laura A Chatham1, Leslie West2, Mark A Berhow3

  • 1Department of Crop Sciences , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 1201 W. Gregory Drive , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|September 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered new pelargonidin-dominant corn lines from Apache Red. These lines contain unique anthocyanin and flavone compounds, offering potential for natural colorants and health benefits.

Keywords:
anthocyaninflavanol-anthocyanin condensed formsflavonepurple corn

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Biochemistry
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Purple corn anthocyanins are explored as natural colorants and for health benefits.
  • Existing varieties predominantly yield cyanidin-derived anthocyanins (bluish-red/pink).
  • A need exists for corn with different anthocyanin profiles for diverse applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize anthocyanins in the Apache Red (AR) landrace.
  • To identify novel flavonoid compounds in AR corn.
  • To investigate AR as a model for flavonoid biosynthesis control.

Main Methods:

  • High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) for anthocyanin analysis.
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for structural confirmation of compounds.
  • Analysis of six AR families to assess genetic variation.

Main Results:

  • Identification of the first pelargonidin-dominant pericarp-pigmented corn lines.
  • Discovery of two new flavanol-anthocyanin condensed forms: catechin-(4,8)-pelargonidin 3,5-diglucoside and afzelechin-(4,8)-pelargonidin 3,5-diglucoside.
  • Abundant identification of apigenin-derived C-glycosyl flavones, alongside diverse anthocyanins.

Conclusions:

  • Apache Red landrace provides a unique source of pelargonidin-based anthocyanins and flavones.
  • The identified novel compounds expand the known diversity of corn flavonoids.
  • AR lines are valuable for studying the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis pathways.