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Aberrant expression of the innate restriction factor bone marrow stromal antigen-2 in primary Sjögren's syndrome
Chan Chen1, Huan Shi1, Baoli Wang1
1Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Zhizaoju Road 639, Shanghai 200011, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Zhizaoju Road 639, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Zhizaoju Road 639, Shanghai 200011, China.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to analyze bone marrow stromal antigen-2 (BST-2) levels in labial glands, total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and PBMC subpopulations from primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients and determine the correlation between BST-2 expression and clinical characteristics.
Materials And Methods:
PBMC subsets were positively separated using magnetic microbeads. BST-2 mRNA levels in labial glands, total PBMCs and PBMC subsets of 30 pSS and 30 healthy control (HC) subjects were investigated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Distribution of BST-2-positive cells in the labial glands was assessed by immunohistochemistry.
Results:
BST-2 was significantly increased in pSS labial glands and was positively correlated with the VAS value for parotid gland swelling and rheumatoid factor and β2-microglobulin serum levels. BST-2 levels were statistically different between pSS patients with positive and negative expression of anti-SSA antibody. Positive focal infiltrating lymphocytes and adjacent ductal epithelial cells were observed in labial glands from pSS patients, while there were a few scattered positive ductal epithelial cells in controls. BST-2 was also up-regulated in CD19+ B cells and the remaining CD4-CD8-CD19- PBMCs.
Conclusion:
BST-2 was aberrantly expressed in pSS patients, and expression in labial glands was positively correlated with important clinical characteristics; thus, it may be a potential biomarker of pSS activity.