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Rifampin Resistance in Staphylococci after Rifaximin Intake for Surgical Prophylaxis in Elective Colorectal Surgery
Emma Padilla1, Lluis Oms2, Elena Espejo3
1Microbiology Laboratory, CATLAB, Viladecavalls, Spain epadilla@catlab.cat.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
|September 26, 2018
Summary
Oral rifaximin for surgical prophylaxis can cause temporary rifampin resistance in skin staphylococci. This transient resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci reverted within three months in most patients.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Clinical Pharmacology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Surgical site infections are a significant concern.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis is crucial in preventing these infections.
- Rifaximin is a non-absorbable antibiotic used for prophylaxis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the emergence of rifampin resistance in skin staphylococci following oral rifaximin administration.
- To assess the duration and reversibility of this resistance.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study involving 74 patients undergoing surgery.
- Oral administration of rifaximin for surgical prophylaxis.
- Skin surveillance for staphylococci and susceptibility testing for rifampin resistance at baseline and two weeks post-treatment.
Main Results:
- Rifampin-resistant staphylococci were detected on the skin of 43.2% of patients (32/74) two weeks after rifaximin treatment.
- All resistant strains identified were coagulase-negative staphylococci.
- Complete reversion of rifampin resistance was observed within three months in all affected patients.
Conclusions:
- Oral rifaximin prophylaxis can lead to transient, acquired rifampin resistance in skin staphylococci.
- The observed resistance is temporary and reversible, suggesting minimal long-term impact on antibiotic susceptibility.
- Further research may be warranted to understand the clinical implications of transient resistance in specific patient populations.
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