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The Motor Network Reduces Multisensory Illusory Perception.

Takenobu Murakami1, Mitsunari Abe2, Winnugroho Wiratman3,4

  • 1Department of Neurology, takebou@fmu.ac.jp.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|September 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The motor network, including the inferior frontal gyrus and primary motor cortex lip area, helps prevent speech illusions like the McGurk effect. Brain imaging and stimulation show this network

Keywords:
McGurk effectfunctional magnetic resonance imageinferior frontal gyrusmotor cortexmultisensory illusiontranscranial magnetic stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Speech Perception

Background:

  • The McGurk effect demonstrates how visual speech information influences auditory perception.
  • The role of the motor network in multisensory speech processing and illusion avoidance is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional contribution of the motor network to the McGurk effect using fMRI and TMS.
  • To identify the specific motor areas and their temporal dynamics involved in processing audiovisual speech stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to observe brain activity during audiovisual speech tasks.
  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to modulate activity in specific motor cortex areas (lip and foot).
  • Event-related design analyzing responses to congruent and incongruent audiovisual stimuli.

Main Results:

  • fMRI revealed bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activation in incongruent trials, with left IFG activity negatively correlated with McGurk effect perception.
  • Enhanced effective connectivity was observed between the left IFG and precentral gyri during incongruent trials.
  • TMS applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) lip area reduced the McGurk effect, specifically within a 100 ms pre- to 200 ms post-auditory onset window.

Conclusions:

  • The motor network, particularly the IFG and M1 lip area, plays a crucial role in integrating audiovisual speech information and preventing illusory perceptions.
  • Motor network engagement is topographically and temporally specific, contributing to accurate speech perception by mitigating multisensory illusions.