[Histiocitosis de células de Langerhans con compromiso vertebral]

Manuel Giraldo-Grueso1, María C Villegas2, David L Rodríguez3

  • 1Fundación Cardioinfantil-Instituto de Cardiología, Bogotá. Colombia.

Insights

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder presenting with osteolytic lesions. This case highlights LCH presenting as vertebra plana in a 7-year-old, emphasizing the need for histological confirmation.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pediatrics
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare clonal proliferative disorder.
  • It predominantly affects children under three years old but can occur at any age.
  • LCH is characterized by diverse clinical presentations and osteolytic lesions.

Observation:

  • A 7-year-old female presented with progressive lower extremity weakness and gait difficulty.
  • Physical examination revealed pyramidal signs and lower limb hypoesthesia.
  • Spinal MRI showed vertebra plana with epidural and paravertebral extension.

Findings:

  • Histopathological examination confirmed Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
  • Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD1a and CD207 markers.
  • The patient was treated with steroids and surgical decompression.

Implications:

  • LCH diagnosis can be challenging due to its heterogeneous presentation.
  • Imaging findings like vertebra plana can suggest LCH.
  • Histological confirmation with CD1a and CD207 markers is crucial for definitive diagnosis and appropriate management.
Abstract

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