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Vancomycin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolates in a rural setting, Egypt

Nada ElSayed1, Medhat Ashour2, Amira Ezzat Khamis Amine3

  • 1MS Microbiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 169 ElHoryah Avenue, Egypt.

Germs
|September 26, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) is a growing concern, with a high prevalence found in clinical samples in Egypt. This highlights a potential underdetection issue, as standard laboratory methods may not identify VRSA effectively.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical microbiology
  • Infectious diseases
  • Antimicrobial resistance

Background:

  • Rising incidence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has led to increased vancomycin use.
  • Emergence of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) poses a significant public health threat.
  • Limited data exists on VRSA prevalence in rural Egyptian settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of vancomycin resistance in clinical and nasal S. aureus isolates.
  • To assess the level of vancomycin resistance in S. aureus from a rural Egyptian community.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kafr Eldawar, Egypt, from January 2013 to January 2014.
  • S. aureus isolates were collected from clinical samples (n=80) and nasal swabs (n=120).
  • Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed, including for vancomycin resistance.

Main Results:

  • Eleven VRSA isolates (13.8%) were identified exclusively in clinical samples from outpatients.
  • One vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus isolate was found in nasal carriage.
  • VRSA isolates showed high resistance to ciprofloxacin (90.9%) and erythromycin (81.8%); 5 isolates were multidrug-resistant.

Conclusions:

  • The high prevalence of VRSA in clinical samples suggests significant underdetection in Egypt.
  • Current standard laboratory methods, like disk diffusion, may not adequately detect VRSA.
  • Urgent need for improved diagnostic strategies to identify VRSA strains is indicated.
Keywords:
Antibiotic resistancemethicillin resistant S. aureusvancomycin resistant S. aureus

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