Oxythiamine improves antifungal activity of ketoconazole evaluated in canine Malassezia pachydermatis strains

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Infecting Mice with Malassezia spp. to Study the Fungus-Host Interaction
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Infecting Mice with Malassezia spp. to Study the Fungus-Host Interaction

Published on: November 6, 2019

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Magdalena Siemieniuk1,2, Katarzyna Sosnowska3, Jan Czerniecki4

  • 1Department of Cytobiochemistry, Institute of Biology, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1J, 15?245, Bialystok, Poland.

Veterinary Dermatology
|September 26, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Oxythiamine (OT) and ketoconazole (KTC) show synergistic effects against Malassezia pachydermatis, offering a promising topical treatment strategy. Hydrogel formulations enhance the efficacy of these antifungal agents for veterinary use.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Mycology
  • Antimicrobial Drug Development
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Malassezia pachydermatis is a common cause of skin and ear infections in companion animals.
  • Emerging resistance to conventional antifungal drugs necessitates novel therapeutic approaches.
  • Opportunistic yeast infections in pets require effective and safe treatment options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the synergistic antifungal activity of oxythiamine (OT) and ketoconazole (KTC) against Malassezia pachydermatis.
  • To assess the efficacy of hydrogel formulations containing OT and KTC for topical application.
  • To investigate potential new treatments for resistant M. pachydermatis strains.

Main Methods:

  • Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentrations (MFCs) were determined using broth macrodilution.
  • Synergistic effects of OT and KTC mixtures were analyzed.
  • Antifungal activity of hydrogel formulations was assessed via plate diffusion assays.

Main Results:

  • Oxythiamine (OT) exhibited MICs and MFCs in the range of 0.08–10 × 10³ mg/L.
  • Ketoconazole (KTC) demonstrated potent activity with MICs and MFCs between 0.04–0.32 mg/L against all M. pachydermatis strains.
  • Combinations of OT and KTC showed significant synergistic effects against all 66 tested isolates.
  • Hydrogels with OT (10–20 × 10³ mg/L) and KTC (0.1 × 10³ mg/L) outperformed a commercial KTC-only product.

Conclusions:

  • The synergistic combination of OT and KTC offers a viable strategy for topical treatment of M. pachydermatis infections.
  • This combination allows for reduced KTC dosage while maintaining therapeutic effectiveness.
  • Hydrogel formulations are effective drug delivery systems for topical antifungal therapy in veterinary medicine.

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