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Chromatographic Resolution

Chromatographic Resolution

In chromatography, a solute moves through a chromatographic column and tends to spread, forming a Gaussian-shaped band. The longer the solute spends in the column, the broader the band becomes. The broadening can lead to overlaps within the column, affecting separation effectiveness.
The effectiveness of separation can be evaluated by determining the level of separation between two neighboring peaks in a chromatogram, which represents the individual components of a sample.
In chromatography,...

Chromatographic Methods: Terminology

Chromatographic Methods: Terminology

Chromatography is an analytical technique widely used in fields such as chemistry, biology, environmental science, and pharmaceuticals to separate the components of a mixture and identify substances between them. The process of chromatography is based on the interactions between two distinct phases: the stationary phase and the mobile phase. The stationary phase is fixed in place by a supporting material, while the mobile phase moves over it, carrying the solutes. As the mobile phase travels,...

Chromatographic Methods: Classification

Chromatographic Methods: Classification

Chromatographic techniques are classified in three ways: the classification is based on the physical state of the stationary and mobile phases, how the mobile phase and the stationary phase contact each other, or through the chemical or physical processes that isolate the components of the sample. Typically, the mobile phase is either a liquid or gas, while the stationary phase is either a solid or a liquid layer applied to a solid surface.
Chromatographic techniques are typically named by...

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations

Optimizing chromatographic separations is crucial for obtaining clean separations in a minimum amount of time. Optimization is required for several factors, including kinetic effects related to band broadening, plate height, capacity factor, and separation factor.
Band broadening refers to spreading solute bands as they travel through the column. This broadening can impact resolution. Plate height (H) represents the length required for one theoretical plate. A lower plate height corresponds to...

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...

Hybridoma Technology

Hybridoma Technology

Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation,...

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Extraction of Non-Protein Amino Acids from Cyanobacteria for Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Extraction of Non-Protein Amino Acids from Cyanobacteria for Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Published on: December 9, 2022

[Tandem technologies in chromatographic analysis].

Yujian Liu¹, Fuyou Du², Zhimin Liu¹

¹Faculty of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.

Se Pu = Chinese Journal of Chromatography

|September 26, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Tandem chromatographic techniques enhance the separation and identification of complex chemical samples. This review covers advances in column, detector, and multidimensional chromatography since 2010.

Keywords:

chromatographic analysis detectors multidimensional chromatography review separation and detection tandem connection

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Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Chromatography

Context:

Chemical compound analysis relies on separation and detection.
One-dimensional chromatography struggles with complex samples.
Tandem technologies offer improved analytical capabilities.

Purpose:

Review advances in chromatographic tandem technologies since 2010.
Discuss column tandem connection, detector tandem connection, and multidimensional chromatography.
Highlight typical applications for comprehensive sample analysis.

Summary:

Explores recent developments in chromatographic tandem techniques, excluding chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Covers column and detector coupling, and multidimensional chromatography.
Reviews applications for detailed sample information retrieval.

Impact:

Provides an overview of chromatographic tandem technology progress.
Summarizes key applications for enhanced chemical analysis.
Examines future trends in the field.