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Electrochemistry is the science involved in the interconversion of electrical and chemical reactions. Such reactions are called reduction-oxidation, or redox reactions. These important reactions are defined by changes in oxidation states for one or more reactant elements and include a subset of reactions involving the transfer of electrons between reactant species. Electrochemistry as a field has evolved to yield sufficient insights on the fundamental principles of redox chemistry and multiple...
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Three-Electron Redox Enabled Dithiocarboxylate Electrode for Superior Lithium Storage Performance.

Jianwei Wang1, Hongyang Zhao2, Letian Xu1

  • 1Frontier Institute of Science and Technology , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710054 , China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|September 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel organic electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. The sulfur-containing compound (SNB) demonstrated superior performance, storing more lithium ions than the oxygen-based compound (SND) for enhanced energy storage.

Keywords:
electronic transferenergy storage mechanismlithium batteryorganic electrodethree-electron redoxtunable potential

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Organic carboxyl compounds are explored as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).
  • Oxygen-related redox reactions are key mechanisms in these organic electrodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and systematically investigate two nanostructured organic electrodes: sodium naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate (SND) and sodium naphthalene-2,6-bis(carbothioate) (SNB).
  • To evaluate their performance as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
  • To understand the impact of sulfur substitution on electrochemical properties.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of nanostructured SND and SNB compounds.
  • Electrochemical characterization of the synthesized materials in lithium-ion battery configurations.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to elucidate reaction mechanisms and ion storage.

Main Results:

  • SNB exhibited a higher reversible capacity (280 mAh g⁻¹) compared to SND (198 mAh g⁻¹) at 50 mA g⁻¹.
  • SNB demonstrated a different voltage profile, attributed to the incorporation of less electronegative sulfur atoms.
  • DFT calculations indicated that SNB can reversibly store three Li⁺ per formula unit, while SND stores two Li⁺.

Conclusions:

  • Introducing sulfur into organic molecules enhances lithium-ion storage capacity and performance in battery anodes.
  • SNB represents a promising organic electrode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
  • This study provides a molecular design strategy for developing advanced organic electrode materials with tunable properties.