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Related Concept Videos

Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

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Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
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Plasticizers01:31

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Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
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Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

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It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
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Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

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Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
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What is Natural Selection?01:32

What is Natural Selection?

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Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
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Mutagenesis and Functional Selection Protocols for Directed Evolution of Proteins in E. coli
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Evolution: Plasticity versus Selection, or Plasticity and Selection?

Blair W Perry1, Drew R Schield1, Todd A Castoe1

  • 1Department of Biology, 501 S. Nedderman Drive, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.

Current Biology : CB
|September 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of an organism to change its phenotype in response to environmental changes, can help species colonize new habitats. This flexibility allows for natural selection to drive genetic adaptation over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Ecology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The role of phenotypic plasticity in evolution is a long-standing debate.
  • Plasticity's impact on adaptation, whether facilitating or hindering it, remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how phenotypic plasticity influences the colonization of novel environments.
  • To determine the mechanisms by which plasticity facilitates adaptation via natural selection.

Main Methods:

  • Studied lizard coloration as a model system.
  • Analyzed the interplay between environmental changes and adaptive traits.

Main Results:

  • Phenotypic plasticity was found to facilitate the colonization of new environments.
  • Demonstrated how plasticity enables subsequent adaptation driven by natural selection.

Conclusions:

  • Plasticity is a key mechanism for species to successfully invade and adapt to new ecological niches.
  • This study provides empirical evidence for the adaptive role of phenotypic plasticity in evolutionary processes.