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Laning and clustering transitions in driven binary active matter systems.

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Summary
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Active disk systems can transition between ordered and disordered states. Increasing activity can improve mobility by breaking jams, but too much activity causes collisions and reduces movement, especially in crowded conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Complex Systems
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Binary systems of non-active disks driven in opposite directions exhibit jamming, phase separation, disorder, and laning.
  • Oppositely directed motion is relevant in active matter, like pedestrian crowds, particularly at high densities or during emergencies, where transitions to disordered states may signal panic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To simulate a laning system of active disks with run-and-tumble dynamics.
  • To analyze drift mobility and structure based on run length, disk density, and drift force.
  • To quantify disk activity via velocity vector correlation timescale.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations of active disks with run-and-tumble dynamics.
  • Measurement of drift mobility and system structure.
  • Analysis of activity based on velocity vector correlation timescale.

Main Results:

  • Increasing activity can enhance mobility by disrupting jammed configurations, but excessive activity reduces mobility due to increased collisions.
  • Elevated activity in the laning state triggers a sharp transition to a disordered, fluctuating state with diminished mobility.
  • A novel drive-induced clustered laning state was identified, stable below the undriven system's activity-induced clustering transition.

Conclusions:

  • Disk activity critically influences system dynamics, mobility, and phase behavior.
  • The interplay between activity, drive, and density dictates transitions between ordered and disordered states.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for modeling complex systems like pedestrian crowds.