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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Direct Analysis of Single Cells by Mass Spectrometry at Atmospheric Pressure
Published on: September 4, 2010
Fluctuation analysis of the atmospheric energy cycle
Richard Blender1, Denny Gohlke1, Frank Lunkeit1
1Meteorological Institute, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany.
Abstract:
The atmosphere gains available potential energy by solar radiation and dissipates kinetic energy mainly in the atmospheric boundary layer. We analyze the fluctuations of the global mean energy cycle defined by Lorenz in a simulation with a simplified hydrostatic model. The energy current densities are well approximated by the generalized Gumbel distribution and the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution. In an attempt to assess the fluctuation relation of Evans, Cohen, and Morriss we define entropy production by the injected power and use the GEV location parameter as a reference state. The fluctuation ratio reveals a linear behavior in a finite range.
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