Rituximab in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: indications and practical use

Area of Science:

• Rheumatology
• Immunology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) encompass a range of debilitating conditions.
• Treatment options for refractory SARDs remain a significant clinical challenge.
• Rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 antibody, has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the therapeutic utility of rituximab in SARDs.
• To synthesize current evidence regarding rituximab's efficacy and indications in specific SARDs.
• To discuss the evolving role and safety of rituximab in clinical practice.

Main Methods:

• A non-systematic literature review was performed.
• Relevant studies and clinical trial data on rituximab in SARDs were analyzed.
• Clinical guidelines and expert consensus were considered.

Main Results:

• Rituximab demonstrates efficacy in moderate-to-severe refractory systemic lupus erythematosus.
• Evidence supports rituximab for diffuse skin involvement in systemic sclerosis and systemic manifestations of primary Sjögren syndrome.
• Consensus exists for rituximab use in refractory idiopathic inflammatory myopathy; its role in associated interstitial lung disease requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

• Rituximab is a valuable treatment option for multiple SARDs.
• Current evidence and guidelines support its use in specific refractory SARDs.
• Further research and clinical experience will refine its application and safety profile.