Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Orbitals02:44

Atomic Orbitals

44.0K
An atomic orbital represents the three-dimensional regions in an atom where an electron has the highest probability to reside. The radial distribution function indicates the total probability of finding an electron within the thin shell at a distance r from the nucleus. The atomic orbitals have distinct shapes which are determined by l, the angular momentum quantum number. The orbitals are often drawn with a boundary surface, enclosing densest regions of the cloud.
44.0K
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I03:24

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

67.5K
The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
67.5K
The Energies of Atomic Orbitals03:21

The Energies of Atomic Orbitals

30.2K
In an atom, the negatively charged electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus. In a multielectron atom, electron-electron repulsions are also observed. The attractive and repulsive forces are dependent on the distance between the particles, as well as the sign and magnitude of the charges on the individual particles. When the charges on the particles are opposite, they attract each other. If both particles have the same charge, they repel each other.
30.2K
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II03:35

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

49.1K
sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization
49.1K
Molecular Orbital Theory II03:51

Molecular Orbital Theory II

27.5K
Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams
27.5K
Molecular Orbital Theory I02:35

Molecular Orbital Theory I

47.6K
Overview of Molecular Orbital Theory
47.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dynamic heterogeneity in the self-induced spin glass state of elemental neodymium.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Strong enhancement of superconductivity on finitely ramified fractal lattices.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2026
Same author

De novo heterozygous variants of the RSF1 gene are responsible for a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder.

European journal of human genetics : EJHG·2026
Same author

Multiscale structural complexity as a quantitative measure of visual complexity.

Perception·2025
Same author

Quantitative theory of magnetic properties of elemental praseodymium.

npj computational materials·2025
Same author

Charge transfer dynamics in noble gas endofullerenes: intra- and extramolecular tunnelling.

Nanoscale advances·2025
Same journal

PCSK5 promotes angiogenesis and cardiac repair after myocardial infarction.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

PfApiAT2 is a proline transporter essential for the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum by the mosquito vector.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Transient distortions of the South Atlantic Anomaly radiation environments driven by electric fields.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Structural basis of the regulation by CDK11 kinase of early spliceosome activation and evidence for its proofreading by DHX15 helicase.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Structural and mechanistic insights into primer synthesis initiation by DNA primase.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Changes in heritability and shared environmentality of educational attainment across twentieth-century Norway.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

13.2K

An orbitally derived single-atom magnetic memory.

Brian Kiraly1, Alexander N Rudenko1,2,3, Werner M J van Weerdenburg1

  • 1Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, 6525, The Netherlands.

Nature Communications
|September 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individual cobalt atoms on black phosphorus can store magnetic information using orbital states, not just spin. This novel mechanism offers potential for high-temperature, single-atom data storage on semiconductor surfaces.

More Related Videos

Force Spectroscopy of Single Protein Molecules Using an Atomic Force Microscope
06:45

Force Spectroscopy of Single Protein Molecules Using an Atomic Force Microscope

Published on: February 28, 2019

9.4K
Multiplexed Single-molecule Force Proteolysis Measurements Using Magnetic Tweezers
10:08

Multiplexed Single-molecule Force Proteolysis Measurements Using Magnetic Tweezers

Published on: July 25, 2012

12.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

13.2K
Force Spectroscopy of Single Protein Molecules Using an Atomic Force Microscope
06:45

Force Spectroscopy of Single Protein Molecules Using an Atomic Force Microscope

Published on: February 28, 2019

9.4K
Multiplexed Single-molecule Force Proteolysis Measurements Using Magnetic Tweezers
10:08

Multiplexed Single-molecule Force Proteolysis Measurements Using Magnetic Tweezers

Published on: July 25, 2012

12.1K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Individual atomic spins have demonstrated magnetic remanence for memory applications.
  • Current single-atom memory is limited to insulating surfaces, restricting electronic tunability.
  • Developing new mechanisms for single-atom magnetic storage is crucial for advancing data density.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel mechanism for single-atom magnetic storage on a semiconducting surface.
  • To explore the role of orbital population bistability in magnetic memory.
  • To demonstrate the potential for high-temperature atomic memory using cobalt on black phosphorus.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ab initio calculations to model cobalt atom interactions on black phosphorus.
  • Investigated distance-dependent screening effects of the black phosphorus surface.
  • Performed experimental measurements to validate predicted charge densities and orbital configurations.

Main Results:

  • Discovered a new mechanism for single-atom magnetic storage based on valency bistability in cobalt atoms.
  • Identified two distinct stable valencies for cobalt on black phosphorus, each with unique magnetic moments.
  • Demonstrated that orbital configurations can be manipulated without spin-sensitive readout.

Conclusions:

  • Orbital memory based on valency bistability is feasible on semiconducting black phosphorus.
  • This approach enables single-atom information storage with potential for high-temperature operation.
  • The findings open avenues for tunable, high-density magnetic memory technologies.