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Chemopreventive activity of sulforaphane

Xin Jiang1, Ye Liu2, Lixin Ma1

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.

Drug Design, Development and Therapy
|September 27, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Sulforaphane (SFN), a compound in cruciferous vegetables, shows promise for cancer prevention. It protects against carcinogens and halts cancer cell growth through various molecular mechanisms, including epigenetic regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cancer remains a leading global cause of death, driven by genetic and epigenetic alterations.
  • Bioactive dietary compounds, particularly from fruits and vegetables, offer potential in cancer prevention and treatment.
  • Sulforaphane (SFN), abundant in cruciferous vegetables, exhibits significant chemopreventive effects both in laboratory and living organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted chemopreventive mechanisms of sulforaphane (SFN).
  • To explore SFN's role in regulating key cellular pathways involved in cancer development.
  • To highlight SFN's potential for clinical application in cancer chemoprevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing in vitro and in vivo studies on sulforaphane's effects.
  • Analysis of SFN's impact on drug-metabolizing enzymes (Phase I and II).
  • Investigation of SFN's influence on cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and signaling pathways (Nrf2-Keap1, NF-κB).
  • Examination of SFN's epigenetic effects on cancer-related genes.

Main Results:

  • SFN demonstrates protective effects against environmental carcinogens.
  • SFN induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in various cancer cell types.
  • SFN modulates critical signaling pathways, including Nrf2-Keap1 and NF-κB.
  • SFN influences epigenetic modifications, impacting cancer initiation and progression.

Conclusions:

  • SFN possesses significant chemopreventive potential through diverse molecular mechanisms.
  • SFN's ability to regulate cellular pathways and epigenetic factors supports its role in cancer management.
  • Further research into SFN may pave the way for its clinical use in reducing cancer incidence and improving patient outcomes.
Keywords:
Phase I and Phase II drug-metabolizing enzymesanti-inflammatoryapoptosiscell cycle progressionchemopreventionepigeneticssulforaphanetumor

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