Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

616
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
616
Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER01:27

Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER

7.7K
A sizable fraction of proteins destined for ER are first synthesized in the cell cytosol and then transported across the ER membrane–a process called post-translational translocation. Similar to cotranslationally translocated proteins, these proteins also use the Sec translocon complex to enter the ER lumen.
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
7.7K
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

33.8K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
33.8K
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

9.6K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
9.6K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

26.4K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
26.4K
Replication in Prokaryotes02:35

Replication in Prokaryotes

98.3K
Overview
98.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) in Hospitalized and Ambulatory Patients: A Comparative Study.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Inertial Active Matter with Coulomb Friction.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Impact of Calcium and Phosphorus Levels on Optical Deterioration in Primary and Secondary Intraocular Lens Calcification.

Translational vision science & technology·2024
Same author

Bacterial Chaperone Domain Insertions Convert Human FKBP12 into an Excellent Protein-Folding Catalyst-A Structural and Functional Analysis.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Mid- to late Holocene sea-level rise recorded in Hells Bells <sup>234</sup>U/<sup>238</sup>U ratio and geochemical composition.

Scientific reports·2023
Same author

Dynamic interactome of the MHC I peptide loading complex in human dendritic cells.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Author Spotlight: Quantitative Detection of DNA Protein Crosslinks and Their Post-Translational Modifications
10:12

Author Spotlight: Quantitative Detection of DNA Protein Crosslinks and Their Post-Translational Modifications

Published on: April 21, 2023

3.6K

Post-translational Modification-Based Regulation of HIV Replication.

Lin Chen1, Oliver T Keppler1, Christian Schölz1

  • 1Max von Pettenkofer-Institute and Gene Center, Virology, National Reference Center for Retroviruses, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|September 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) hijacks host cell machinery for replication. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) like acetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation are key to HIV

Keywords:
HIVHIV life cyclePTMpost-translational modificationviral replication

More Related Videos

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes
10:07

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes

Published on: February 22, 2014

24.6K
Exploring Caspase Mutations and Post-Translational Modification by Molecular Modeling Approaches
05:56

Exploring Caspase Mutations and Post-Translational Modification by Molecular Modeling Approaches

Published on: October 13, 2022

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Author Spotlight: Quantitative Detection of DNA Protein Crosslinks and Their Post-Translational Modifications
10:12

Author Spotlight: Quantitative Detection of DNA Protein Crosslinks and Their Post-Translational Modifications

Published on: April 21, 2023

3.6K
Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes
10:07

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes

Published on: February 22, 2014

24.6K
Exploring Caspase Mutations and Post-Translational Modification by Molecular Modeling Approaches
05:56

Exploring Caspase Mutations and Post-Translational Modification by Molecular Modeling Approaches

Published on: October 13, 2022

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) utilizes host cellular machinery for viral replication.
  • HIV employs regulatory and accessory proteins to optimize its replication environment and evade the immune system.
  • Cellular pathways are manipulated by HIV to influence critical stages of the viral life cycle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on HIV-host interactions modulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs).
  • To focus on acetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation in HIV replication and cellular signaling.
  • To explore how understanding these PTMs can inform new intervention strategies against HIV.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on HIV-host interactions and PTMs.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on acetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation.
  • Synthesis of information regarding viral and cellular protein modifications.

Main Results:

  • PTMs significantly influence HIV replication by modifying viral and host proteins.
  • Acetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation are critical PTMs affecting HIV-host interactions.
  • These modifications impact cellular signaling pathways essential for viral propagation and immune evasion.

Conclusions:

  • Post-translational modifications are crucial regulators of HIV replication and host interactions.
  • Targeting specific PTMs involved in HIV pathogenesis offers potential for novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research into PTMs can lead to a deeper understanding of HIV biology and improved interventions.