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Board Games for Health: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

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  • 11 Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada.

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|September 27, 2018
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Nondigital board games significantly improve health knowledge and show moderate effects on behaviors and biological health indicators. Further research needs higher scientific standards for robust evidence in healthcare applications.

Keywords:
Board gamesHealth educationMeta-analysisPsychoeducationSerious games

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Area of Science:

  • Health and Medicine
  • Behavioral Science
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Nondigital board games are increasingly utilized in health and medicine.
  • These games engage diverse populations and contexts to influence health outcomes.
  • Evidence on their effectiveness requires systematic synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the impact of nondigital board games on health and medicine outcomes.
  • To describe and summarize findings from randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials.
  • To assess the effect sizes on knowledge, behaviors, and biological health indicators.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of 21 eligible studies.
  • Inclusion of randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials.
  • Assessment of risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration tool.
  • Random-effects meta-analysis to determine average effect sizes (d*).

Main Results:

  • Board games had a large average effect on health-related knowledge (d*=0.82).
  • Small-to-moderate effects were observed on behaviors (d*=0.33) and biological health indicators (d*=0.37).
  • Most studies (52%) had an unclear risk of bias; 33% had a high risk.

Conclusions:

  • Nondigital board games demonstrate significant potential in improving health knowledge and influencing health behaviors and indicators.
  • The current evidence base, while promising, is limited by methodological quality and risk of bias in many studies.
  • Future research should prioritize rigorous evaluation protocols and standardized reporting to strengthen the evidence for games in healthcare.