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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Accelerating Diagnostic Accuracy with Direct Identification of Gram-Negatives from Blood Culture Bottles
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Not All Stridor Is Croup.

Alison Gardner1, Alison Ruch

  • 1From the Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27127.

Pediatric Emergency Care
|September 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Hypocalcemia can cause laryngospasm in infants, mimicking croup. Early recognition of low calcium is crucial for preventing severe outcomes in pediatric stridor cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Stridor in pediatric patients is frequently misdiagnosed as croup.
  • Viral etiology is often presumed, overshadowing other critical diagnoses.

Observation:

  • A 6-month-old infant presented with stridor and laryngospasm, initially treated for croup.
  • The infant returned with seizures, revealing severe hypocalcemia (0.49 mmol/L).
  • History revealed prolonged feeding with a homemade coconut water-based solution, leading to rickets and developmental delay.

Findings:

  • Severe hypocalcemia was the underlying cause of laryngospasm in this infant.
  • The infant's diet contributed to the development of rickets and hypocalcemia.
  • Delayed diagnosis of hypocalcemia led to seizures and further complications.

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Implications:

  • Hypocalcemia must be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric stridor, particularly when viral symptoms are absent.
  • Prompt identification and management of hypocalcemia are vital to prevent life-threatening events.
  • Dietary practices in infants require careful evaluation, especially when homemade solutions are used.