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Outlet Type, Access to Alcohol, and Violent Crime
Pamela J Trangenstein1,2, Frank C Curriero3, Daniel Webster4
1Alcohol Research Group , Emeryville, California.
Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research
|September 27, 2018
Summary
Increased access to alcohol outlets, especially those for off-site consumption, is linked to higher rates of violent crime. This study highlights the significant association between alcohol outlet density and violent crime exposure in Baltimore.
Area of Science:
- Criminology
- Public Health
- Urban Studies
Background:
- Established link between alcohol outlet density and violent crime.
- Conflicting findings regarding the differential impact of on-premise versus off-premise outlets.
- Need for refined methods in calculating outlet density and crime data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between alcohol outlet access and violent crime.
- To differentiate the impact of on-premise versus off-premise alcohol outlets on violent crime.
- To apply routine activity theory and spatial access methods in Baltimore, MD.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data on alcohol outlets (n=1,204) and violent crimes (n=51,006) in Baltimore.
- Incorporated social disorganization markers: owner-occupied housing, income, drug arrests, population density.
- Employed linear regression to analyze the association between alcohol outlet access and violent crime exposure.
Main Results:
- A 10% increase in alcohol outlet access correlated with a 4.2% rise in violent crime exposure.
- Off-premise outlets showed a stronger association with violent crime (4.4% increase) compared to on-premise outlets (3.0% increase).
- Combined off- and on-premise outlets (LBD-7) also demonstrated a significant association (4.2% increase).
Conclusions:
- Access to outlets permitting off-site alcohol consumption is more strongly associated with violent crime.
- Potential factors include inadequate order maintenance around off-premise establishments.
- Findings suggest a need to consider outlet type in crime prevention strategies.
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