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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Investigating Intestinal Inflammation in DSS-induced Model of IBD
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When IBD is not IBD.

Bram Verstockt1,2, Séverine Vermeire1,2, Gert Van Assche1,2

  • 1a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology
|September 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Entamoeba histolytica colitis can mimic Crohn's disease, potentially leading to severe infections, especially with steroid use. Early diagnosis through PCR and histopathology is crucial for patients with inflammatory bowel disease, particularly those from endemic areas.

Keywords:
Crohn’s diseaseadalimumabdifferential diagnosisentamoeba

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis can be challenging, with some conditions mimicking Crohn's disease.
  • Entamoeba histolytica (E. histolytica) infection, or amoebiasis, can present with gastrointestinal symptoms similar to IBD.
  • Systemic steroid use or immunosuppressive therapy, common in IBD management, can exacerbate fulminant parasitic infections.

Observation:

  • A case is presented of a patient initially diagnosed with ileocolonic Crohn's disease.
  • The patient developed a hepatic E. histolytica abscess during anti-TNF therapy.
  • Re-evaluation of initial biopsies and subsequent PCR and histopathology confirmed E. histolytica.

Findings:

  • Entamoeba histolytica colitis can present asymptomatically or with symptoms mimicking Crohn's disease.
  • Fulminant E. histolytica infections can be life-threatening, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
  • E. histolytica confirmation is essential in refractory IBD cases or initial diagnoses in patients from endemic regions.

Implications:

  • Gastroenterologists must consider E. histolytica in the differential diagnosis of IBD, especially in travelers to endemic areas.
  • Awareness of E. histolytica epidemiology, clinical features, and diagnostic tools is vital for effective patient management.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment of E. histolytica can prevent severe complications and improve outcomes in patients with suspected or confirmed IBD.